The only Southwest Asian city that topped one hundred thousand in 1500 or 1600 that is not mapped is Eṣfahān (in the province of the same name). (Eṣfahān; Province is mapped other periods--just not this one.) The city started the century with less than 60 thousand and ended it in the 100-199 thousand range. The city became the capital of Irān towards the end of the century and this at least partly accounts for its growth.