The only African cities that topped one hundred thousand in 1500 or 1600 that are not mapped are Fez and Marrakech, both in Maghreb (which I group with the Spanish African presidios). (The area is mapped for other periods--just not this one.) Fez was in the 100-199 thousand range throughout the century. Marrakech started with less than 60 thousand and finished in the 100-199 thousand range. The city grew when it became capital of a state that eventually took over all of Maghreb (Morocco).