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| Nation | Name | Population (millions) |
| Deutschland, Nederland, België | Alma | 2.1 |
| België | Antwerpen (Anvers, Antwerp) | 1.1 |
| België* | Brussel (Bruxelles, Brussels) | 2.1 |
| France, België | Lille-Kortrijk (Lille-Courtrai) | 1.9 |
| Nederland* | Randstand | 6.6 |
| Denmark*, Sweden | København-Malmö (Cobenhagen-Malmö) | 2.4 |
| Deutschland* | Berlin | 4.0 |
| Deutschland | Bielefeld | 1.4 |
| Deutschland | Bremen | 1.1 |
| Deutschland | Chemnitz-Zwickau | 1.2 |
| Deutschland | Dresden | 1.1 |
| Deutschland | Halle-Leipzig | 1.4 |
| Deutschland | Hamburg | 3.3 |
| Deutschland | Hannover | 1.1 |
| Deutschland | München (Munich) | 2.3 |
| Deutschland | Nürnberg (Nurenberg) | 1.2 |
| Deutschland | Rhein-Main | 3.1 |
| Deutschland | Rhein-Neckar | 1.5 |
| Deutschland | Rhein-Ruhr | 11.8 |
| Deutschland, France | Saarbrücken-Forbach | 1.1 |
| Deutschland | Stuttgart | 2.3 |
* indicates a city in the metropolis is a national capital.
| Name | Alternate names |
| Arnhem | Èrnem |
| Bamberg | |
| Braunschweig | Brunswick |
| Brugge | Bruges |
| Dessau-Roßlau | Dessau |
| Eisenach | |
| Freiburg im Breisgau | |
| Gent | Gand, Ghent |
| Goslar | |
| Göttingen | |
| Groningen | Grunnen |
| Herentals | |
| Hildesheim | |
| Konstanz | Constance |
| Lübeck | |
| Lutherstadt Eisleben | Eisleben |
| Lutherstadt Wittenberg | Wittenberg |
| Luxembourg | Luxemburg, Lëtzebuerg |
| Quedlinburg | |
| Regensburg | Ratisbon |
| Stralsund | |
| Trier | Avgvsta Treverorvm |
| Tübingen | |
| Weimar | |
| Wismar | |
| Würzburg |
1. Where more than one, the primary nation is underlined.
2. Includes A(achen), also called Aix-la-Chapelle; L(iège) and Ma(astricht).
3. Also includes Roeselare and Leuven.
4. Also includes Tournai, Roubaix, Tourcoing, Comines, Loos, Bailleul, Armentieres and Menin.
5. Includes Amsterdam, Rotterdam, the Hague (Den Haag, 's-Gravenhage), Utrecht, Leiden and Haarlem.
6. Also includes Hesingør.
7. Also includes Potsdam.
8. Includes Frankfurt, Wiesbaden, Offenbach, Mainz, Darmstadt, Aschaffenburg and Messel, .
9. Includes Mannheim, Ludwigshafen, Heidelberg, Lorsch, Maulbronn, Speyer and Worms.
10. Includes Köln (Cologne), Essen, Dusseldorf and Brühl, Bochum, Duisburg, Müngengladbach, Düsseldorf, Wuppertal and Bonn.
11. Also includes Vöklingen.